Mitigating container damage and enhancing operational efficiency in global containerisation

Abstract

What are the main findings? We introduce the Impact Detection Methodology (IDM), a system to monitor and detect crane-induced impacts on containers in real time, demonstrating effectiveness in mitigating handling-related damage. We identify key factors contributing to container damage, such as unsuccessful hooking attempts during above-deck lifts due to spreader oscillations and high operational workloads. What is the implication of the main findings? Integrating the IDM with crane management technologies and sway control systems can enhance operational precision, reduce container damage, and improve port efficiency. Broader real-time monitoring and advanced analytics adoption can support sustainable growth in global containerisation by reducing operational costs and mitigating financial risks. Highlights: The global containerisation industry, while significantly advancing international trade, faces persistent challenges related to infrastructure capacity, environmental impact, and operational efficiency. One critical yet under-researched issue is the physical damage that containers endure during handling operations, particularly at port terminals. This paper examines the complexities of container handling, focusing on damage caused by quay crane activities, especially during corner hooking. Such damage compromises container integrity, impacts cargo safety, and increases operational costs. To address these concerns, we present the Impact Detection Methodology (IDM), a system designed to monitor and detect impacts in real time, enhancing operational precision and safety. Preliminary studies conducted at Klaipeda City port demonstrate the IDM’s effectiveness, though limited data have constrained validation. Our research underscores the need for broader experimentation to confirm the IDM’s potential in mitigating container damage. Key findings indicate that unsuccessful hooking attempts predominantly occur when containers are lifted from above-deck positions, influenced by spreader oscillations and high operational workloads. This paper also highlights the importance of integrating sway control systems with existing crane management technologies to assist operators in reducing handling errors. Enhanced monitoring and data analysis are essential for improving container handling processes, supporting sustainable growth in global containerisation, and mitigating financial risks.